George Washington
George Washington
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Why do we use republican with the lower case r to refer to George Washington?
Why do we use republican with the lower case r to refer to George Washington?
The answers so far have the basic idea, but are historically slightly off.
Washington was called a "republican" because he, like the other founders favored a "republican" (representative)form of government.
As for "Republican" -- it is true the capitalization marks the word as the name of an organized political party and that Washington was NOT a member of a political party of that name. (In fact, though he personally wished to AVOID political parties --or "factions" as he called them-- he was more aligned with the "Federalists", a party organized mainly by Alexander Hamilton [Washington's aide and Secretary of the Treasury].) But it is NOT true that there was "no Republican Party until 1854".
On the contrary, the party that Madison and Jefferson and those sympathetic with them organized in 1792 to OPPOSE the policies of the Hamiltonians (Federalists) was usually called "Republicans" in the early days. In fact, that is WHY the party formed in 1854 decided to use the name -- they declared that THEY supported Jeffersonian values that had abandoned by the Democrats. (The "Democratic" party, though partly rooted in Jefferson's party, did not have that name until the time of Andrew Jackson [1830s].)
What confuses many is that SOMETIMES (esp after the War of 1812) the Jeffersonian party used the name "Democratic-Republicans", and historians like to use THAT title, or "Jeffersonian Republicans" to make clear that they mean THIS party of Jefferson, and not the one formed in 1854. But, as noted above, in the early days (1790s, early 1800s) they were formally and informally almost always referred to as "Republicans".
You Can also see the basic distinction between r/Republican in a good dictionary. In the listing below #5 is used in "Washington was a republican" #6 fits with "Jefferson and Madison were Republicans" and "Lincoln started out as a Whig, but when that party collapsed he became a Republican [a member of the new Republican Party]."
1. of, pertaining to, or of the nature of a republic.
2. favoring a republic.
3. fitting or appropriate for the citizen of a republic: a very republican notion.
4. (initial capital letter) of or pertaining to the Republican party.
–noun 5. a person who favors a republican form of government.
6. (initial capital letter) a member of the Republican party.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/republican
By the way, one reason the EARLIEST "Republicans" tended to AVOID "Democrat", was that, though they had some 'democratic' beliefs, the term was then being associated with the radicals who had taken over the French Revolution and whose excesses were widely despised. (This also explains why some Federalists LIKED to use this term for the opposing party!)
George Washington
